
attrition
词源
源自拉丁语 'attritio',意为'磨损'或'摩擦',由 'ad-'(向)和 'terere'(摩擦)组成。14世纪通过法语进入英语。
noun
❶ 指人员或物品逐渐减少的过程,通常由于自然损耗、辞职或退休等原因导致,而非突然的减少。
“The company is trying to reduce staff through natural attrition rather than layoffs.”
(公司试图通过自然减员而非裁员来减少员工数量。)
“High attrition rates in the first year of employment are a concern for many firms.”
(许多公司对员工入职第一年的高流失率感到担忧。)
❶ 指通过持续的小规模冲突或压力逐渐削弱对手或目标的过程,而非一次性决战。
“The general favored a strategy of attrition to wear down the enemy forces.”
(将军倾向于采用消耗战略来削弱敌军力量。)
“The long legal battle became a war of attrition between the two companies.”
(这场漫长的法律战变成了两家公司之间的消耗战。)
常见短语
war of attrition — 指通过持续的小规模冲突或消耗来逐渐削弱对方的战略,而非决定性战役。
“The conflict developed into a war of attrition that lasted for years.”
(这场冲突演变成了一场持续多年的消耗战。)
attrition rate — 指在一定时间内人员或物品减少的比例,常用于描述员工流失率或学生退学率等。
“The university has implemented new programs to reduce its high attrition rate.”
(该大学实施了新项目来降低其高退学率。)