好词典

ballast

UK //ˈbæl.əst//US //ˈbæl.əst//

词源

源自中古低地德语 'ballast' 或古北欧语 'barlast'(字面意思为'单纯的负载'),16世纪进入英语。

noun

❶ 压载物,指船舶、气球或车辆中用于增加重量以保持平衡或稳定的重物,如沙石、水或金属块。

“The ship took on ballast to stabilize itself in rough seas.”

(船只装载压载物以在汹涌的海面上保持稳定。)

“They used sand as ballast in the hot air balloon.”

(他们在热气球中使用沙子作为压载物。)

❶ (铁路)道碴,铺在铁轨下的碎石或砾石,用于分散压力、排水和固定轨道。

“Workers replaced the old ballast on the railway tracks.”

(工人们更换了铁轨下的旧道碴。)

“The ballast helps to keep the tracks in place.”

(道碴有助于固定铁轨位置。)

同义词:counterweight, stabilizer, balance

verb

❶ 给(船只、车辆等)装载压载物以增加稳定性或调整浮力。

“The crew ballasted the ship before the storm.”

(船员在风暴前为船只装载了压载物。)

“They ballasted the truck to improve traction.”

(他们给卡车装载压载物以提高牵引力。)

同义词:stabilize, weight down

常见短语

in ballast — 指船只仅装载压载物而未载货的状态,通常用于描述空载航行。

“The tanker returned to port in ballast after delivering its cargo.”

(油轮在卸货后空载返回港口。)

ballast tank — 压载舱,船舶中专门用于存放压载水的隔舱,可通过注排水调节船只平衡。

“The captain ordered the ballast tanks to be filled to correct the ship's tilt.”

(船长下令注满压载舱以纠正船只倾斜。)