
bastard
词源
源自古法语 bastard(12世纪),可能来自拉丁语 bastum(驮鞍),暗指非婚生子女如同驮鞍般是临时安置的产物。
noun
❶ 指非婚生子女,旧时带有贬义,现代用法多强调冒犯性,需谨慎使用。在法律语境中已逐渐被中性词汇取代。
“In medieval times, a bastard couldn't inherit the throne.”
(中世纪时,私生子不能继承王位。)
“The novel's protagonist was treated badly as a bastard child.”
(小说主人公因私生子身份遭受虐待。)
❶ 粗俗用语,表示令人讨厌或卑鄙的人,属于强烈侮辱性词汇。日常交流中应避免使用。
“That bastard stole my wallet when I wasn't looking!”
(那个混蛋趁我不注意偷了我的钱包!)
“Don't trust him - he's a lying bastard.”
(别相信他,他是个满口谎言的混蛋。)
adjective
❶ 描述事物非纯正或劣质的,常用于技术或非正式场合,指代非标准版本或杂交品种。
“This is a bastard sword, longer than a regular sword but shorter than a greatsword.”
(这是把杂种剑,比普通剑长但比巨剑短。)
“The engineer came up with a bastard solution to fix the machine temporarily.”
(工程师想出了个临时解决问题的非正规方案。)
常见短语
poor bastard — 略带同情的粗俗表达,指遭遇不幸的可怜人,多用于非正式场合。
“The poor bastard got fired right before Christmas.”
(那个可怜虫在圣诞节前被解雇了。)
bastard child — 指非婚生子女,现代用法可能带有冒犯性,正式场合应避免使用。
“The duke's bastard child was raised by a peasant family.”
(公爵的私生子由农民家庭抚养长大。)