好词典

bastard

UK //ˈbɑː.stəd//US //ˈbæs.tɚd//

词源

源自古法语 bastard(12世纪),可能来自拉丁语 bastum(驮鞍),暗指非婚生子女如同驮鞍般是临时安置的产物。

noun

❶ 指非婚生子女,旧时带有贬义,现代用法多强调冒犯性,需谨慎使用。在法律语境中已逐渐被中性词汇取代。

“In medieval times, a bastard couldn't inherit the throne.”

(中世纪时,私生子不能继承王位。)

“The novel's protagonist was treated badly as a bastard child.”

(小说主人公因私生子身份遭受虐待。)

❶ 粗俗用语,表示令人讨厌或卑鄙的人,属于强烈侮辱性词汇。日常交流中应避免使用。

“That bastard stole my wallet when I wasn't looking!”

(那个混蛋趁我不注意偷了我的钱包!)

“Don't trust him - he's a lying bastard.”

(别相信他,他是个满口谎言的混蛋。)

同义词:illegitimate child, son of a bitch, jerk, scoundrel

adjective

❶ 描述事物非纯正或劣质的,常用于技术或非正式场合,指代非标准版本或杂交品种。

“This is a bastard sword, longer than a regular sword but shorter than a greatsword.”

(这是把杂种剑,比普通剑长但比巨剑短。)

“The engineer came up with a bastard solution to fix the machine temporarily.”

(工程师想出了个临时解决问题的非正规方案。)

同义词:hybrid, irregular, nonstandard

常见短语

poor bastard — 略带同情的粗俗表达,指遭遇不幸的可怜人,多用于非正式场合。

“The poor bastard got fired right before Christmas.”

(那个可怜虫在圣诞节前被解雇了。)

bastard child — 指非婚生子女,现代用法可能带有冒犯性,正式场合应避免使用。

“The duke's bastard child was raised by a peasant family.”

(公爵的私生子由农民家庭抚养长大。)