好词典

burnout

UK //ˈbɜːnaʊt//US //ˈbɜːrnaʊt//

词源

复合词,源自动词短语 'burn out'(烧尽),最早记录于19世纪,原指蜡烛/燃料烧尽,20世纪中期引申为心理学术语。

noun

❶ 指因长期压力或过度工作导致的身心俱疲状态,表现为精力耗尽、动力丧失和工作效率下降。

“Many healthcare workers experience burnout after years of long shifts.”

(许多医护人员在多年轮班工作后出现职业倦怠。)

“She took a sabbatical to recover from severe burnout.”

(她休假一段时间以从严重的职业倦怠中恢复。)

❶ 指车辆因发动机过热或机械故障导致的突然停止运作,尤指赛车场景。

“The race car suffered a burnout in the final lap.”

(赛车在最后一圈因发动机过热退赛。)

“Engine burnout is a common risk in high-performance vehicles.”

(发动机烧毁是高性能车辆的常见风险。)

同义词:exhaustion, fatigue, collapse

verb

❶ 使某人精疲力尽或失去热情,通常因长期压力或过度工作导致。

“The relentless workload eventually burned him out.”

(无休止的工作量最终使他精疲力竭。)

“Teaching for 30 years can burnout even the most passionate educators.”

(30年的教学工作可能耗尽即使是最热情的教育者的精力。)

同义词:exhaust, drain, wear out

常见短语

burnout syndrome — 指由慢性工作压力导致的一系列身心症状,包括情感耗竭、人格解体和个人成就感降低。

“Doctors are particularly susceptible to burnout syndrome.”

(医生特别容易患上职业倦怠综合征。)

on the brink of burnout — 形容处于即将崩溃的边缘,指身心状态接近极限的预警阶段。

“She realized she was on the brink of burnout when she started having insomnia.”

(当她开始失眠时,她意识到自己正处于崩溃边缘。)