好词典

capitation

UK //ˌkæpɪˈteɪʃən//US //ˌkæpɪˈteɪʃən//

词源

源自拉丁语 'caput'(头),通过法语 'capitation' 进入英语,字面意为『按人头计算』。

noun

❶ 按人头计算的费用或税收,指根据人数而非实际消费或使用量来征收的固定金额。常用于医疗保险或教育经费的分配。

“The school receives funding based on capitation, meaning more money for more students.”

(学校经费按学生人数拨付,学生越多拨款越多。)

“Doctors under capitation systems are paid per patient, not per treatment.”

(按人头付费制度下,医生按接诊人数而非治疗项目收费。)

同义词:per-head fee, poll tax, head count payment

常见短语

capitation tax — 人头税,历史上按人口征收的平等税种,现代多用于描述固定费率制度。

“The controversial capitation tax was abolished after public protests.”

(这项有争议的人头税在民众抗议后被废除。)

capitation grant — 按人数分配的补助金,常见于教育领域,根据学生人数向学校发放资金。

“Rural schools rely heavily on capitation grants for operational costs.”

(乡村学校极度依赖按人头拨付的补助金来维持运营。)