好词典

civil

UK //ˈsɪv.əl//US //ˈsɪv.əl//

词源

源自拉丁语 'civilis',意为'与公民有关的',来自'civis'(公民)。14世纪通过古法语进入英语。

adjective

❶ 与公民或市民相关的,涉及社会公共事务的,常用于描述法律、权利或社会秩序等概念。

“Every citizen has civil rights and responsibilities.”

(每个公民都享有公民权利并承担公民责任。)

“The civil war caused great suffering to the people.”

(内战给人民带来了巨大的苦难。)

❶ 礼貌的,有教养的,指在人际交往中表现得体、尊重他人。

“Despite their disagreement, they remained civil to each other.”

(尽管有分歧,他们仍保持礼貌相待。)

“It's important to be civil even when you're angry.”

(即使在生气时也要保持礼貌。)

同义词:polite, courteous, respectful, public, municipal

常见短语

civil rights — 公民权利,指个人在社会中享有的基本自由和权利保障,如平等权、自由权等。

“The Civil Rights Movement fought for racial equality in America.”

(民权运动为美国的种族平等而斗争。)

civil engineer — 土木工程师,负责设计、建造和维护基础设施如道路、桥梁和建筑物的专业人员。

“My brother is a civil engineer who designs bridges.”

(我哥哥是设计桥梁的土木工程师。)

civil disobedience — 非暴力反抗,指公民以和平方式拒绝遵守他们认为不公正的法律或政策。

“Gandhi promoted civil disobedience as a means of protest.”

(甘地提倡以非暴力反抗作为抗议手段。)