
civil
词源
源自拉丁语 'civilis',意为'与公民有关的',来自'civis'(公民)。14世纪通过古法语进入英语。
adjective
❶ 与公民或市民相关的,涉及社会公共事务的,常用于描述法律、权利或社会秩序等概念。
“Every citizen has civil rights and responsibilities.”
(每个公民都享有公民权利并承担公民责任。)
“The civil war caused great suffering to the people.”
(内战给人民带来了巨大的苦难。)
❶ 礼貌的,有教养的,指在人际交往中表现得体、尊重他人。
“Despite their disagreement, they remained civil to each other.”
(尽管有分歧,他们仍保持礼貌相待。)
“It's important to be civil even when you're angry.”
(即使在生气时也要保持礼貌。)
常见短语
civil rights — 公民权利,指个人在社会中享有的基本自由和权利保障,如平等权、自由权等。
“The Civil Rights Movement fought for racial equality in America.”
(民权运动为美国的种族平等而斗争。)
civil engineer — 土木工程师,负责设计、建造和维护基础设施如道路、桥梁和建筑物的专业人员。
“My brother is a civil engineer who designs bridges.”
(我哥哥是设计桥梁的土木工程师。)
civil disobedience — 非暴力反抗,指公民以和平方式拒绝遵守他们认为不公正的法律或政策。
“Gandhi promoted civil disobedience as a means of protest.”
(甘地提倡以非暴力反抗作为抗议手段。)