
consumptive
词源
源自拉丁语 'consumptus'(消耗的过去分词),通过法语 'consumptif' 进入英语,最初与疾病相关,后扩展至资源消耗含义。
adjective
❶ 指与消耗或耗尽资源相关的,通常用于描述疾病(如肺结核)导致身体逐渐衰弱的情况。
“In the 19th century, many artists died from consumptive diseases.”
(19世纪时,许多艺术家死于消耗性疾病。)
“The patient showed consumptive symptoms like weight loss and fatigue.”
(患者表现出体重下降和疲劳等消耗性症状。)
❶ 形容过度使用或浪费资源的行为,导致资源逐渐减少或枯竭。
“Our consumptive lifestyle is damaging the environment.”
(我们过度消耗的生活方式正在破坏环境。)
“The country needs to reduce its consumptive use of water.”
(该国需要减少对水资源的消耗性使用。)
noun
❶ 指患有消耗性疾病(尤指肺结核)的人。
“The sanitarium was full of consumptives seeking a cure.”
(疗养院里满是寻求治疗的肺结核患者。)
“In Victorian times, consumptives were often sent to warmer climates.”
(维多利亚时代,肺结核患者常被送往气候更温暖的地方。)
常见短语
consumptive cough — 指肺结核患者特有的那种消耗体力的持续性咳嗽。
“The doctor recognized the consumptive cough immediately.”
(医生立即辨认出了那种肺结核特有的咳嗽。)
consumptive use — 指水资源或其他自然资源被实际消耗掉的使用方式,与循环利用相对。
“Agriculture accounts for most consumptive water use.”
(农业占用了大部分消耗性用水。)