好词典
counterclaim
UK //ˈkaʊntəkleɪm//US //ˈkaʊntərkleɪm//
词源
源自中古英语，由counter-（反对）和claim（索赔）组成，最早见于15世纪法律文书。
noun
❶ 在法律诉讼中，被告对原告提出的反诉或索赔，通常用于抵消或减少原告的索赔金额。
“The defendant filed a counterclaim for damages caused by the plaintiff.”
（被告提出了反诉，要求原告赔偿其造成的损失。）
“Her counterclaim argued that the contract was breached first by the other party.”
（她的反诉指出合同首先是由对方违约的。）
同义词:counter-suit, cross-claim, retaliation
verb
❶ 提出反诉或反向索赔，通常作为对他人指控的回应。
“The company counterclaimed against the former employee for leaking confidential information.”
（公司对前员工提起反诉，指控其泄露机密信息。）
“She decided to counterclaim after being wrongfully accused of fraud.”
（在被错误指控欺诈后，她决定提出反诉。）
同义词:retaliate, counter-sue, respond
常见短语
file a counterclaim — 正式向法院提交反诉文件，作为对原告诉求的法律回应。
“The lawyer advised his client to file a counterclaim to protect her rights.”
（律师建议她的客户提交反诉以保护自身权益。）
counterclaim for damages — 在反诉中要求经济赔偿，通常用于抵消原告的索赔金额。
“The manufacturer submitted a counterclaim for damages caused by the distributor's breach of contract.”
（制造商提出反诉，要求分销商赔偿其违约造成的损失。）