
damages
词源
源自中古英语damages,借自古法语damage(损失),最终源自拉丁语damnum(损失、伤害)。
noun
❶ 指因他人过错或违约行为造成的经济损失赔偿,通常用于法律语境中,表示需要支付的补偿金额。
“The court ordered him to pay $10,000 in damages for the accident.”
(法院判决他支付1万美元赔偿金以补偿事故损失。)
“She sued the company for damages after slipping on their wet floor.”
(她在公司湿滑的地面摔倒后,起诉要求损害赔偿。)
verb
❶ 对物品或财产造成损害或破坏,使其价值或功能降低的行为。
“The storm damaged several houses in the neighborhood.”
(暴风雨损坏了附近的好几栋房屋。)
“Be careful not to damage the fragile items during the move.”
(搬运时要小心,不要损坏易碎物品。)
常见短语
punitive damages — 惩罚性赔偿,指法院判决超出实际损失的赔偿金额,旨在惩罚被告的恶意或重大过失行为。
“The jury awarded $5 million in punitive damages to deter similar misconduct.”
(陪审团判处500万美元惩罚性赔偿以阻止类似不当行为。)
claim damages — 提出赔偿要求,通常指通过法律程序正式要求对方补偿损失的行为。
“The injured party has the right to claim damages from the responsible driver.”
(受伤方有权向责任司机提出损害赔偿要求。)