好词典

decay

UK //dɪˈkeɪ//US //dɪˈkeɪ//

词源

源自中古英语 'decayen',借自古法语 'decaer'(意为'衰落'),最终源自拉丁语 'decadere'(de- '向下' + cadere '落下')。

noun

❶ 指物质因自然过程逐渐腐烂或分解的状态,常用于描述有机物或建筑物的损坏过程。

“The old house showed signs of decay after years of neglect.”

(这栋老房子因多年无人照料而显出腐朽的迹象。)

“Tooth decay is caused by bacteria in the mouth.”

(蛀牙是由口腔中的细菌引起的。)

❶ 指事物或状态逐渐恶化或衰落的过程,如社会、道德或经济的衰退。

“The decay of moral values in society is concerning.”

(社会道德价值观的衰退令人担忧。)

“Economic decay led to the collapse of many businesses.”

(经济衰退导致许多企业倒闭。)

同义词:rot, decomposition, deterioration, decline, degeneration

verb

❶ 指物质因自然过程逐渐腐烂或分解,或事物逐渐恶化、失去活力。

“The fruit began to decay after a few days in the heat.”

(水果在高温下放几天后开始腐烂。)

“Without maintenance, the building will decay over time.”

(如果不维护,这栋建筑会逐渐朽坏。)

❶ 指力量、影响力或价值逐渐减弱或消失。

“The empire's power decayed after years of war.”

(多年的战争使帝国的势力逐渐衰弱。)

“Her memory decayed with age.”

(随着年龄增长,她的记忆力衰退了。)

同义词:rot, decompose, deteriorate, decline, wither

常见短语

tooth decay — 指牙齿因细菌侵蚀而蛀坏的过程,通常由不良口腔卫生或高糖饮食引起。

“Regular brushing helps prevent tooth decay.”

(定期刷牙有助于预防蛀牙。)

urban decay — 指城市区域因经济衰退或管理不善而逐渐破败的现象,表现为建筑废弃、犯罪率上升等。

“The government launched a program to reverse urban decay in the downtown area.”

(政府启动了一项计划以扭转市中心的城市衰败现象。)

radioactive decay — 指放射性物质通过释放粒子或能量逐渐转变为更稳定元素的过程,如铀衰变为铅。

“Scientists measure the rate of radioactive decay to determine the age of fossils.”

(科学家通过测量放射性衰变速率来确定化石的年龄。)