好词典

deflation

UK //dɪˈfleɪʃ(ə)n//US //dɪˈfleɪʃ(ə)n//

词源

源自拉丁语 'de-'(向下)+ 'flare'(吹动),通过法语 'déflation' 进入英语,最初用于描述气球放气(1891年),经济学术语始于1920年代。

noun

❶ 通货紧缩,指整体物价水平持续下降的经济现象,通常伴随货币购买力上升,但可能导致经济活动减缓。

“The country experienced severe deflation during the economic crisis.”

(该国在经济危机期间经历了严重的通货紧缩。)

“Central banks try to avoid deflation because it can lead to reduced consumer spending.”

(央行试图避免通货紧缩,因为它可能导致消费者支出减少。)

❶ (轮胎、气球等的)放气过程,指空气或气体被释放导致体积缩小的物理现象。

“The slow deflation of the balloon took about an hour.”

(气球的缓慢放气过程大约花了一小时。)

“Check your tires regularly to prevent accidental deflation.”

(定期检查轮胎以防意外漏气。)

同义词:economic contraction, price decline, disinflation

常见短语

deflationary spiral — 通货紧缩螺旋,指物价下跌导致工资降低、需求减少的恶性循环经济现象。

“The economy fell into a deflationary spiral that lasted for nearly a decade.”

(经济陷入了持续近十年的通货紧缩螺旋。)

deflation risk — 通货紧缩风险,指经济面临物价持续下跌可能性的状况。

“Investors are increasingly concerned about deflation risk in the global economy.”

(投资者越来越担心全球经济中的通货紧缩风险。)