derelict

UK //ˈder.əl.ɪkt//US //ˈder.əl.ɪkt//

词源

源自拉丁语 'derelictus'（被抛弃的），由 'de-'（完全）和 'relinquere'（留下）组成，17世纪通过法语进入英语。

❶ 形容建筑物或土地因长期无人使用或维护而破败废弃的状态，通常带有荒凉、失修的意味。

“The derelict factory was overgrown with weeds.”

（废弃的工厂里杂草丛生。）

“We explored the derelict ship on the beach.”

（我们探索了海滩上那艘废弃的船只。）

❶ 形容人因不负责任或疏忽而未能履行应尽的义务，尤其指法律或道德责任。

“He was accused of being derelict in his duties as a parent.”

（他被指控未尽到作为父母的责任。）

“The officer was charged with derelict behavior during the emergency.”

（这名官员因在紧急情况下玩忽职守而被起诉。）

同义词:abandoned, neglected, dilapidated, deserted, remiss

❶ 指被遗弃的建筑物、船只或其他财产，通常处于破败状态。

“The harbor was full of derelicts from the fishing industry.”

（港口里满是渔业废弃的船只。）

“Urban explorers often photograph industrial derelicts.”

（城市探险者经常拍摄工业废墟。）

❶ 指因贫困或酗酒等原因流落街头的人，带有社会边缘化的含义。

“The shelter provides meals for derelicts sleeping on the streets.”

（收容所为露宿街头的流浪者提供餐食。）

“He became a derelict after losing his job and family.”

（失去工作和家庭后，他沦为了流浪汉。）

同义词:wreck, ruin, vagrant, down-and-out, hobo

derelict of duty — 正式用语，特指公职人员或军人严重玩忽职守的行为，可能涉及法律责任。

“The general was court-martialed for derelict of duty during the battle.”

（将军因在战斗中玩忽职守而受到军事法庭审判。）