
differential
词源
源自中世纪拉丁语 'differentia'(差异)+ 后缀 '-al',17世纪通过法语进入英语。
adjective
❶ 表示基于差异的或与差异有关的,常用于描述因条件不同而产生的区别对待或变化。
“The company offers differential pay rates based on experience.”
(公司根据经验提供差异化的薪资标准。)
“Differential treatment of employees can lead to dissatisfaction.”
(对员工的差别对待可能导致不满情绪。)
noun
❶ 在数学中指导数或微分,表示函数变化率的工具;在机械中指差速器,允许车轮以不同速度旋转的装置。
“The differential of the function was calculated to find the slope.”
(计算了函数的微分以求得斜率。)
“A car's differential allows the wheels to turn at different speeds.”
(汽车的差速器使车轮能以不同速度转动。)
常见短语
differential diagnosis — 医学中通过排除相似症状的疾病来确定具体病因的过程。
“The doctor considered multiple possibilities during the differential diagnosis.”
(医生在鉴别诊断时考虑了多种可能性。)
differential calculus — 数学分支,研究函数的导数及其应用,如求曲线的斜率或变化率。
“Differential calculus is fundamental to understanding physics problems.”
(微分学是理解物理问题的基础。)