
discriminates
词源
源自拉丁语 'discriminare'(区分),由 'dis-'(分开)和 'crimin-'(区分)组成,17世纪进入英语,最初仅表示区分之意,19世纪后逐渐发展出负面含义。
verb
❶ 指不公平地区别对待不同的人或群体,通常基于种族、性别、年龄等特征。这种区别对待往往带有偏见或伤害性。
“The company discriminates against older workers in its hiring practices.”
(这家公司在招聘中对年长员工存在歧视。)
“The law clearly discriminates between citizens and non-citizens.”
(这项法律明显区分了公民与非公民的权利。)
❶ 指能够准确区分或辨别事物之间的差异,强调识别能力。这种用法通常不含负面含义。
“The test discriminates well between skilled and unskilled workers.”
(这个测试能很好地区分熟练工人与非熟练工人。)
“His palate discriminates subtle flavors in wine.”
(他的味蕾能辨别葡萄酒中细微的风味差异。)
常见短语
discriminates against — 表示针对特定群体采取不公平的差别待遇,通常带有系统性偏见或制度性排斥的含义。
“The policy openly discriminates against women in leadership positions.”
(这项政策公开歧视担任领导职务的女性。)
discriminates between — 中性表达,指能够识别或区分两者或多者之间的差异,强调分辨能力。
“The microscope discriminates between bacterial types with high accuracy.”
(这台显微镜能高精度区分不同类型的细菌。)