好词典

disorder

UK //dɪsˈɔːdə(r)//US //dɪsˈɔːrdər//

词源

源自中古英语 'disordre',来自古法语 'desordre',由前缀 'dis-'(表示否定)和 'ordre'(秩序)组成,最终可追溯至拉丁语 'ordinare'(安排)。

noun

❶ 指事物缺乏规律或混乱的状态,常用于描述杂乱无章的环境或系统失去正常运作的情况。

“The room was in complete disorder after the party.”

(派对结束后,房间里一片狼藉。)

“The documents were scattered in disorder on the desk.”

(文件杂乱无章地散落在桌子上。)

❶ 医学上指身体或心理功能的异常状态,表现为特定的症状群,影响正常生活。

“He was diagnosed with a sleep disorder.”

(他被诊断出患有睡眠障碍。)

“Eating disorders can have serious health consequences.”

(饮食失调可能对健康造成严重后果。)

同义词:chaos, confusion, illness, condition, disease

verb

❶ 使事物失去正常秩序或功能,造成混乱或干扰。

“The storm disordered the carefully arranged garden.”

(暴风雨打乱了精心布置的花园。)

“The sudden news disordered his thoughts.”

(突如其来的消息扰乱了他的思绪。)

同义词:disrupt, disturb, upset, derange

常见短语

in disorder — 描述事物处于混乱无序的状态,强调缺乏组织性。

“The students left the classroom in disorder after the fire drill.”

(消防演习后,学生们混乱地离开了教室。)

mental disorder — 指影响思维、情绪或行为的心理疾病,需要专业诊断和治疗。

“Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide.”

(抑郁症是全球最常见的心理疾病之一。)