
down
词源
源自古英语dūn,最初指'山丘',后引申为'从高处到低处'的动作。与德语Türm(塔)同源。
adverb
❶ 表示向下移动或处于较低位置,常与动词搭配使用,描述从高处到低处的动作或状态。
“She sat down on the chair.”
(她在椅子上坐了下来。)
“The sun goes down in the evening.”
(太阳在傍晚时分落下。)
❶ 表示数量、程度或强度的减少,常用于描述温度、价格、速度等降低的情况。
“The temperature went down to freezing.”
(温度降到了冰点。)
“Sales are down this month.”
(这个月的销售额下降了。)
adjective
❶ 描述情绪低落或身体不适的状态,也可指设备或系统停止运行。
“He felt down after hearing the bad news.”
(听到坏消息后他情绪低落。)
“The computer system is down today.”
(今天电脑系统宕机了。)
verb
❶ 指快速喝下饮料或击败对手的动作,多用于非正式场合。
“He downed his coffee in one gulp.”
(他一口气喝完了咖啡。)
“The boxer downed his opponent.”
(拳击手击倒了对手。)
常见短语
down with — 表示反对某人或某事,常用于抗议或表达不满的场合。
“The crowd shouted 'Down with the government!'”
(人群高喊'打倒政府!')
ups and downs — 形容人生或事物发展过程中的起伏变化,既有好的也有坏的时期。
“Every relationship has its ups and downs.”
(每段关系都有起起落落。)
down to earth — 形容一个人务实、脚踏实地,不虚荣或做作。
“Despite her fame, she's very down to earth.”
(尽管她很出名,但她非常平易近人。)