
duties
词源
源自中古英语 'duete',来自古法语 'deu'(应得的),最终源自拉丁语 'debitum'(债务、义务)。
noun
❶ 指个人或职业上必须履行的责任或义务,通常与工作、职位或社会角色相关。
“As a teacher, her duties include preparing lessons and grading assignments.”
(作为老师,她的职责包括备课和批改作业。)
“The security guard performed his duties diligently throughout the night.”
(保安整晚都认真履行他的职责。)
❶ 指海关或政府对进口商品征收的税费,通常称为关税。
“The company had to pay high import duties on the luxury goods.”
(公司不得不为这些奢侈品支付高额的进口关税。)
“There is a 10% duty on all electronic devices brought into the country.”
(所有带入该国的电子设备都需要缴纳10%的关税。)
常见短语
on duty — 表示正在工作或值班的状态,通常用于描述职业人员如医生、警察等。
“The doctor was on duty when the emergency patient arrived.”
(紧急病人到达时,医生正在值班。)
off duty — 表示不在工作时间或休息状态,与on duty相反。
“The police officer helped the lost child even though he was off duty.”
(尽管这位警官不在值班,他还是帮助了迷路的孩子。)
duty-free — 指商品无需缴纳关税,常见于机场免税店或特定贸易区。
“She bought perfume at the duty-free shop before boarding the plane.”
(她在登机前于免税店购买了香水。)