
elective
词源
源自拉丁语 electivus,来自 eligere(选择),由 e-(出)和 legere(挑选)组成。15世纪进入英语,最初指通过选举产生的,18世纪发展出可选择的含义。
adjective
❶ 指可以自由选择的,非强制性的,通常用于描述课程、手术等事项,强调个人自主决定权。
“She took an elective course in photography last semester.”
(她上学期选修了一门摄影课程。)
“The surgery is elective, so you can decide whether to have it or not.”
(这个手术是可选的,所以你可以决定是否要做。)
❶ 指通过选举产生的,通常用于描述职位或官员,强调其合法性来源于投票选择。
“The mayor is an elective official.”
(市长是通过选举产生的官员。)
“The board consists of both appointive and elective members.”
(董事会由任命成员和选举成员组成。)
noun
❶ 指学校或大学中可自由选择的课程,区别于必修课,学生可根据兴趣或需求选择。
“I'm thinking of taking an elective in creative writing.”
(我正在考虑选修一门创意写作课。)
“The university offers many interesting electives in the arts department.”
(这所大学艺术系提供了许多有趣的选修课。)
常见短语
elective surgery — 指非紧急的、可择期进行的手术,患者可以根据自身情况选择合适的时间进行。
“Knee replacement is usually an elective surgery.”
(膝关节置换通常是一种择期手术。)
elective affinity — 化学术语,指物质之间选择性结合的趋势;也比喻人与人之间自然的亲近感或吸引力。
“There was an elective affinity between the two artists.”
(这两位艺术家之间有一种自然的亲近感。)