fouled

UK //faʊld//US //faʊld//

词源

源自中古英语 'foulen'，意为弄脏或污染，可能与古英语 'fūl'（肮脏的）有关。

❶ 指在体育比赛中违反规则的行为，通常导致对方获得优势或罚球机会。

“The player was fouled while attempting to shoot.”

（这名球员在尝试投篮时被犯规。）

“He fouled his opponent in the penalty area.”

（他在禁区内对对手犯规。）

❶ 指弄脏或污染某物，使其变得不干净或不适宜使用。

“The river was fouled by industrial waste.”

（这条河流被工业废水污染了。）

“He fouled his clothes while working in the garage.”

（他在车库里工作时弄脏了衣服。）

同义词:violated, dirtied, polluted, contaminated, soiled

❶ 形容某物被弄脏或污染的状态，通常指不干净或无法使用。

“The fouled water was unsafe to drink.”

（被污染的水不能安全饮用。）

“The fouled air made it hard to breathe.”

（被污染的空气让人难以呼吸。）

同义词:dirty, polluted, contaminated, unclean, soiled

fouled up — 指把事情搞砸或弄乱，通常是由于错误或疏忽。

“He fouled up the presentation by forgetting his notes.”

（他因为忘记带笔记而搞砸了演讲。）