好词典
gall
UK /ɡɔːl/US /ɡɔːl/
词源
源自古英语'gealla'（胆汁），源自原始日耳曼语，与荷兰语'gal'和德语'Galle'同源，最终源自原始印欧语词根*ghel-（表示黄色或绿色，指胆汁的颜色）。
noun
❶ 胆汁，指动物体内分泌的消化液，比喻人的勇气或厚颜无耻的行为。
“He had the gall to ask for a raise after missing the deadline.”
（他居然有脸在错过截止日期后要求加薪。）
“The gall of some people never ceases to amaze me.”
（某些人的厚颜无耻总是让我感到惊讶。）
❶ 植物上的虫瘿，指昆虫在植物上形成的异常生长组织。
“The oak tree was covered in galls caused by wasps.”
（橡树上布满了黄蜂造成的虫瘿。）
“Galls can sometimes be used to produce ink or dyes.”
（虫瘿有时可以用来制作墨水或染料。）
同义词:nerve, audacity, impudence, cheek, boldness
verb
❶ 使烦恼或激怒，指通过不公正或烦人的行为让人感到愤怒。
“It galls me to see him get promoted after all his mistakes.”
（看到他犯了那么多错误还能升职，真让我恼火。）
“Her constant criticism began to gall the entire team.”
（她不断的批评开始让整个团队感到恼火。）
同义词:irritate, annoy, vex, irk, provoke
常见短语
gall and wormwood — 极度痛苦或苦涩的体验，源自圣经中的比喻。
“The defeat was gall and wormwood to the proud team.”
（这次失败对这支骄傲的队伍来说是极度痛苦的。）