好词典

hypotonic

UK //ˌhaɪ.pəˈtɒn.ɪk//US //ˌhaɪ.pəˈtɑː.nɪk//

词源

源自希腊语 hypo-(低于) + tonos(张力),1890年代首次用于生理学领域。

adjective

❶ 指溶液的渗透压低于另一种溶液或细胞内液,会导致水分子向高渗透压区域移动的生理学特性。

“A hypotonic solution causes cells to swell as water moves into them.”

(低渗溶液会导致细胞膨胀,因为水分会进入细胞内。)

“Sports drinks are designed to be slightly hypotonic for faster absorption.”

(运动饮料被设计为轻微低渗以加速吸收。)

❶ 形容肌肉张力低于正常水平的医学状态,表现为松弛或软弱无力的肢体。

“The newborn showed hypotonic muscle tone and required physical therapy.”

(新生儿表现出肌张力低下,需要物理治疗。)

“Cerebral palsy can present with either hypertonic or hypotonic symptoms.”

(脑瘫可能表现为肌张力过高或过低。)

同义词:low-tonic, flaccid, under-toned

常见短语

hypotonic solution — 指溶质浓度低于比较对象的液体,在生物学和医学中常用于描述细胞外环境。

“When placed in a hypotonic solution, the onion cells expanded visibly.”

(当放入低渗溶液时,洋葱细胞明显膨胀。)

hypotonic infant — 医学术语,描述肌肉张力显著低于正常水平的婴儿,可能提示神经系统问题。

“The hypotonic infant was referred to a specialist for further evaluation.”

(这个肌张力低下的婴儿被转诊给专家进行进一步评估。)