好词典

inflation

UK /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/US /ɪnˈfleɪʃən/

词源

源自拉丁语 'inflatio'(膨胀),由 'in-'(向内)和 'flare'(吹气)组成,14世纪通过法语进入英语,最初指物理膨胀,19世纪开始用于经济领域。

noun

❶ 通货膨胀,指物价普遍持续上涨导致货币购买力下降的经济现象,通常由货币供应量增加或需求过剩引起。

“The government is trying to control inflation by raising interest rates.”

(政府正试图通过提高利率来控制通货膨胀。)

“High inflation makes it difficult for people to afford basic necessities.”

(高通胀使人们难以负担基本生活必需品。)

❶ 膨胀或充气的过程,指物体因内部压力增加而体积变大的物理现象。

“The inflation of the balloon took only a few seconds.”

(给气球充气只花了几秒钟。)

“Tire inflation should be checked regularly for safety.”

(为了安全应该定期检查轮胎气压。)

同义词:price rise, economic expansion, currency devaluation

常见短语

inflation rate — 通货膨胀率,衡量物价水平上涨速度的经济指标,通常以百分比表示年度变化。

“The inflation rate dropped to 2% this quarter.”

(本季度通货膨胀率降至2%。)

inflation-adjusted — 经通货膨胀调整的,指已经扣除通胀因素影响的数值,反映实际购买力变化。

“The inflation-adjusted salary actually decreased this year.”

(经通胀调整后的实际工资今年反而下降了。)