
involution
词源
源自拉丁语 'involutio',意为'卷曲'或'包裹',由 'in-'(向内)和 'volvere'(滚动)组成。
noun
❶ 指事物复杂化或内卷化的过程,常用来描述社会或系统中因过度竞争导致效率降低的现象。
“The involution of the education system has led to students studying longer hours without better outcomes.”
(教育系统的内卷化导致学生学习时间更长,但效果并未提升。)
“Social involution occurs when competition becomes excessive without real progress.”
(当竞争变得过度而没有实际进步时,就会发生社会内卷。)
❶ 生物学中指器官或组织的退化或向内卷曲的过程。
“The involution of the uterus after childbirth is a natural process.”
(产后子宫的退化是一个自然过程。)
“Some species exhibit involution of certain organs as they age.”
(某些物种随着年龄增长会出现特定器官的退化。)
常见短语
social involution — 描述社会因过度竞争或资源有限而陷入低效发展的状态。
“Social involution is becoming a serious issue in highly competitive societies.”
(社会内卷化在高度竞争的社会中正成为一个严重问题。)
economic involution — 指经济增长停滞,竞争加剧但效率未提升的经济现象。
“Some economists warn about the risks of economic involution in mature markets.”
(一些经济学家警告成熟市场中经济内卷化的风险。)