nucleophilic

UK //ˌnjuːkliəˈfɪlɪk//US //ˌnuːkliəˈfɪlɪk//

词源

From 'nucleo-' (relating to atomic nuclei) + '-philic' (from Greek 'philos' meaning 'loving'), coined in early 20th century to describe electron-donating chemical behavior.

adjective

❶ 指化学中具有亲核性质的物质或反应，倾向于向带正电的原子核或区域提供电子对，形成化学键。

“The nucleophilic attack of the hydroxide ion on the carbonyl carbon forms a tetrahedral intermediate.”

（氢氧根离子对羰基碳的亲核进攻形成了一个四面体中间体。）

“Ammonia acts as a nucleophilic reagent in many organic reactions.”

（氨在许多有机反应中作为亲核试剂起作用。）

同义词:electron-donating, nucleophile-like, electron-rich

常见短语

nucleophilic substitution — 亲核取代反应，指一个亲核试剂取代分子中的离去基团的化学反应。

“SN2 reactions are a type of nucleophilic substitution where the attack and leaving occur simultaneously.”

（SN2反应是一种亲核取代反应，其中进攻和离去同时发生。）

nucleophilic addition — 亲核加成反应，指亲核试剂与不饱和键（如羰基）形成新键的化学反应。

“The nucleophilic addition of Grignard reagents to carbonyl compounds forms alcohols.”

（格氏试剂对羰基化合物的亲核加成形成了醇类。）