好词典

participle

UK //pɑːˈtɪsɪpl//US //ˈpɑːrtɪsɪpl//

词源

源自中古英语,借自古法语 'participe',源自拉丁语 'participium'(意为'共享特性的词'),由 pars(部分) + capere(取)构成。

noun

❶ 分词,一种动词的非限定形式,兼具动词和形容词的特征,用于构成复合时态或作为修饰语。英语中分为现在分词和过去分词。

“In the sentence 'The running water is cold', 'running' is a present participle.”

(在句子'The running water is cold'中,'running'是现在分词。)

“'Broken' is the past participle of the verb 'break'.”

('Broken'是动词'break'的过去分词。)

同义词:verbal adjective, participial

常见短语

present participle — 现在分词,通常以-ing结尾,表示主动或正在进行的动作,可用作形容词或构成进行时态。

“In 'The smiling girl waved at me', 'smiling' is a present participle.”

(在'The smiling girl waved at me'中,'smiling'是现在分词。)

past participle — 过去分词,通常以-ed结尾(不规则动词形式各异),表示被动或完成的动作,可用作形容词或构成完成时态。

“'The stolen car was found yesterday' uses 'stolen' as a past participle.”

('The stolen car was found yesterday'中的'stolen'是过去分词。)