好词典

phlegm

UK //flem//US //flɛm//

词源

源自希腊语 'phlegma'(火焰、炎症),后经拉丁语 'phlegma' 进入古法语,最终演变为现代英语。词义从‘燃烧产生的物质’转变为‘体内黏液’与中世纪体液学说相关。

noun

❶ 指喉咙或呼吸道分泌的粘稠液体,通常因感冒或感染而产生,咳嗽时会排出体外。

“He coughed up phlegm all night due to his cold.”

(他因为感冒整晚都在咳痰。)

“The doctor examined the color of her phlegm to diagnose the infection.”

(医生通过观察她痰液的颜色来诊断感染情况。)

❶ 在传统医学中,指四种体液之一,被认为与冷静、迟缓的性格相关。

“In medieval medicine, phlegm was associated with a calm temperament.”

(在中世纪医学中,黏液质被认为与冷静的性格有关。)

“People with too much phlegm were thought to be sluggish.”

(传统认为黏液过多的人会行动迟缓。)

同义词:mucus, sputum, catarrh

常见短语

cough up phlegm — 指因呼吸道疾病而咳出痰液的行为,常见于感冒或支气管炎患者。

“The child was coughing up phlegm all morning.”

(这孩子整个上午都在咳痰。)