
presumption
词源
源自拉丁语 'praesumptio',由 'prae-'(在前)和 'sumere'(采取)组成,14世纪通过古法语进入英语。
noun
❶ 指在没有确凿证据的情况下,基于已有信息或经验做出的假设或推测。常用于法律或日常推理中。
“The presumption of innocence is a fundamental legal principle.”
(无罪推定是一项基本的法律原则。)
“Her presumption that he would agree turned out to be wrong.”
(她以为他会同意的假设结果是错误的。)
❶ 指表现出过度自信或傲慢的行为,通常带有冒犯他人的意味。
“It was sheer presumption to speak for the entire group without consulting anyone.”
(未经咨询就代表整个团体发言简直是狂妄自大。)
“His presumption in calling her by her first name annoyed the CEO.”
(他擅自直呼CEO名字的行为惹恼了她。)
常见短语
presumption of innocence — 法律术语,指在证明有罪之前应假定被告无罪的基本原则。
“The defendant benefits from the presumption of innocence until proven guilty.”
(在证明有罪之前,被告享有无罪推定的权利。)
rebuttable presumption — 法律概念,指可以通过提供相反证据推翻的初步推定。
“There is a rebuttable presumption that a child under seven cannot form criminal intent.”
(七岁以下儿童无犯罪意图是一项可反驳的推定。)