好词典

privateer

UK //ˌpraɪvəˈtɪə(r)//US //ˌpraɪvəˈtɪr//

词源

源自private(私人)和后缀-eer(从事者),最早记录于17世纪,反映其作为'受雇于政府的私人武装'的特殊身份。

noun

❶ 指16至19世纪期间,由政府授权在战时攻击敌方商船或船只的私人武装船只或船员。这类私掠船持有官方许可,但本质仍是私人行为。

“The privateer captured three enemy merchant ships during the war.”

(这艘私掠船在战争中俘获了三艘敌方商船。)

“Many sailors became privateers to seek fortune legally.”

(许多水手成为私掠船员以合法寻求财富。)

同义词:corsair, buccaneer, freebooter

verb

❶ 作为私掠船进行活动,特指在战时以政府授权的方式袭击敌方船只的行为。

“The captain decided to privateer under the king's commission.”

(船长决定在国王授权下进行私掠活动。)

“During the conflict, many ships were outfitted to privateer.”

(冲突期间,许多船只被改装用于私掠。)

同义词:raid, plunder, harry

常见短语

letter of marque and reprisal — 指政府颁发给私掠船的正式授权文件,允许其攻击敌方船只。这是私掠行为合法化的关键凭证。

“Without a letter of marque, the ship would be considered a pirate vessel.”

(没有私掠许可证,该船将被视为海盗船。)