
ration
词源
源自拉丁语 'ratio'(计算、推理),通过法语 'ration' 进入英语,最初指军事供给的计算分配。
noun
❶ 定量配给,指在物资短缺时按规定数量分配的食物、燃料等必需品,常用于战时或紧急情况。
“During the war, each family received a weekly ration of flour and sugar.”
(战争期间,每个家庭每周会分配到定量的面粉和糖。)
“The soldiers were given a daily ration of water.”
(士兵们每天会得到定量的饮用水。)
❶ 定量,指某物被允许或建议使用的固定数量,常用于饮食或资源管理。
“The doctor advised a strict ration of 1500 calories per day.”
(医生建议每天严格控制1500卡路里的摄入量。)
“We need to ration our remaining supplies carefully.”
(我们需要仔细分配剩余的物资。)
verb
❶ 定量分配,指控制并限制某物的使用量,通常因为资源有限。
“The government had to ration gasoline during the crisis.”
(危机期间政府不得不对汽油实行定量配给。)
“We're rationing water until the pipes are fixed.”
(在管道修好前我们都在定量用水。)
常见短语
on rations — 处于定量配给状态,指因物资短缺而接受限量供应的情况。
“The entire country was on rations during the war years.”
(战争期间全国都处于定量配给状态。)
ration out — 仔细分配有限资源,强调有计划地分发稀缺物品。
“The teacher rationed out the art supplies to each student.”
(老师把美术用品仔细分配给每个学生。)