好词典

rough

UK /rʌf/US /rʌf/

词源

源自中古英语 'rough',来自古英语 'rūh',与古高地德语 'rūh' 和古诺尔斯语 'rúgr' 同源,意为'粗糙的'或'多毛的'。

adjective

❶ 形容物体表面不平滑、粗糙或有颗粒感,常用于描述材质或触感。

“The surface of the stone is very rough.”

(这块石头的表面非常粗糙。)

“His hands were rough from years of hard work.”

(他因多年辛苦劳作,双手变得粗糙。)

❶ 形容行为或态度粗鲁、不礼貌,缺乏细致或温和。

“He has a rough way of speaking, but he means well.”

(他说话方式粗鲁,但本意是好的。)

“The kids were playing rough and broke the vase.”

(孩子们玩得太粗暴,把花瓶打碎了。)

❶ 形容事物不精确、不完善或未经加工,处于初步或原始状态。

“This is just a rough draft of my essay.”

(这只是我文章的初稿。)

“He gave a rough estimate of the cost.”

(他给出了一个大概的成本估算。)

同义词:coarse, harsh, uneven, rugged, unpolished

noun

❶ 指粗糙或不规则的部分,如高尔夫球场的长草区或未加工的材料。

“His ball landed in the rough, making it hard to hit.”

(他的球落在了长草区,很难击打。)

“The sculptor started with a block of rough stone.”

(雕塑家从一块粗糙的石头开始创作。)

同义词:uneven ground, long grass, unfinished part

verb

❶ 使某物变得粗糙或不规则,或粗暴地对待某人或某物。

“He roughed up the surface with sandpaper.”

(他用砂纸把表面磨粗糙。)

“The storm roughed the sea, making sailing dangerous.”

(暴风雨使海面变得波涛汹涌,航行变得危险。)

同义词:roughen, coarsen, scratch, abrade

常见短语

rough it — 忍受简陋或不舒适的条件,通常指在野外或旅行中。

“We decided to rough it and camp in the woods without any modern amenities.”

(我们决定忍受简陋条件,在树林里露营,没有任何现代设施。)

rough around the edges — 形容某人或某物虽然不完美或未经雕琢,但有潜力或魅力。

“He's a bit rough around the edges, but he's a talented musician.”

(他有点粗犷不羁,但很有音乐才华。)

rough and ready — 形容某物简单实用但不精致,或某人行动迅速但不够细致。

“Their solution was rough and ready, but it got the job done.”

(他们的解决方案简单实用,但完成了任务。)