好词典

scourge

UK //skɜːdʒ//US //skɜːrdʒ//

词源

源自古法语escorgier(鞭打),最终来自拉丁语excorrigiare(严厉纠正),由ex-(彻底)和corrigere(改正)组成。13世纪进入英语,最初仅指刑具,后引申为灾难义。

noun

❶ 指带来巨大痛苦或灾难的人或事物,常用于形容疾病、战争等具有破坏性的事物。

“The plague was a scourge that wiped out millions in Europe.”

(瘟疫是曾席卷欧洲、夺走数百万人生命的灾难。)

“Drought is the scourge of farmers in this region.”

(干旱是这一地区农民长期面临的灾害。)

❶ 历史上指用于惩罚的鞭子,特指多股皮条制成的刑具。

“The prisoner was beaten with a leather scourge.”

(囚犯被用皮鞭抽打。)

“Ancient Romans used scourges for public punishments.”

(古罗马人用多股鞭执行公开刑罚。)

同义词:plague, affliction, curse, bane, torment

verb

❶ 严厉惩罚或批评某人,带有持续折磨的意味。

“The newspaper scouredged the government for its incompetence.”

(报纸猛烈抨击政府的无能表现。)

“He was scouredged by public opinion for his racist remarks.”

(他因种族主义言论遭到舆论的严厉谴责。)

同义词:lash, castigate, berate, excoriate, flay

常见短语

the scourge of — 用于强调某事物是特定领域的严重祸害,常接战争、疾病等负面事物。

“Malaria remains the scourge of tropical countries.”

(疟疾仍是热带国家挥之不去的梦魇。)