好词典
scratched
UK //skrætʃt//US //skrætʃt//
词源
源自中古英语 'scratten'，可能与古诺尔斯语 'skratta'（划伤）有关。
verb
❶ 用指甲或尖锐物体在表面留下划痕或痕迹，通常是无意或轻微的动作。
“The cat scratched the sofa with its claws.”
（猫用爪子抓伤了沙发。）
“She scratched her arm on a branch.”
（她的手臂被树枝划伤了。）
❶ 取消或删除某事物，通常指计划或活动被临时或永久放弃。
“The concert was scratched due to bad weather.”
（音乐会因天气恶劣被取消了。）
“They scratched the idea after realizing it was too expensive.”
（他们意识到成本太高后放弃了那个想法。）
同义词:scraped, grazed, canceled, removed, abandoned
adjective
❶ 表面有划痕或损伤的，通常指物体因摩擦或刮擦而受损。
“The scratched CD wouldn't play properly.”
（那张划伤的CD无法正常播放。）
“He returned the scratched phone to the store.”
（他把有划痕的手机退回了商店。）
同义词:marked, damaged, scuffed, worn, blemished
常见短语
scratch the surface — 仅触及问题的表面，未深入探讨或解决。
“His research only scratched the surface of the issue.”
（他的研究仅触及了问题的表面。）
start from scratch — 从零开始，没有任何基础或资源。
“After the fire, they had to start from scratch.”
（火灾后，他们不得不从零开始。）