
shaft
词源
源自古英语sceaft,与古挪威语skapt(手柄)同源,原始日耳曼语词根意为'切割形成的杆状物'。
noun
❶ 指长而直的杆状物,通常用于机械或建筑中传递动力或支撑结构。
“The elevator shaft runs through the center of the building.”
(电梯井贯穿整栋大楼的中心。)
“He replaced the broken shaft in the car's transmission.”
(他更换了汽车变速箱里断裂的传动轴。)
❶ 比喻突如其来的严厉批评或不公平对待,常与动词'give'搭配使用。
“The manager gave him the shaft for being late again.”
(因为他再次迟到,经理严厉批评了他。)
“Customers felt they got the shaft with the hidden fees.”
(顾客们因隐藏费用感到遭受了不公对待。)
verb
❶ 用欺骗或不公正的方式对待某人,使其处于不利地位。
“The company shafted its employees by withholding bonuses.”
(公司通过扣发奖金的方式亏待了员工。)
“I got shafted in that business deal.”
(我在那笔生意中吃了大亏。)
常见短语
give someone the shaft — 非正式表达,指以不公平或苛刻的方式对待某人,使其处于不利境地。
“After years of loyal service, the company gave him the shaft with no severance pay.”
(在多年忠诚服务后,公司连遣散费都没给就把他辞退了。)
down the shaft — 形容情况急转直下或彻底失败,源自矿井事故的意象。
“Our project went down the shaft when the main investor pulled out.”
(当主要投资人撤资后,我们的项目彻底失败了。)