好词典

shame

UK //ʃeɪm//US //ʃeɪm//

词源

源自古英语 scamu,与古诺尔斯语 skömm 同源,原始日耳曼语词根涉及'覆盖'的概念,反映羞愧时想隐藏自己的本能反应。

noun

❶ 因做了错事或不符合社会规范而感到的羞耻或尴尬情绪,常伴随自责或他人批评。

“He felt deep shame after lying to his parents.”

(对父母撒谎后,他感到深深的羞愧。)

“There's no shame in admitting you need help.”

(承认需要帮助并不丢脸。)

❶ 令人遗憾或失望的状况,用于表达惋惜之情。

“What a shame you can't come to the party!”

(你不能来参加派对真遗憾!)

“It's such a shame that the old theater was demolished.”

(老剧院被拆毁实在太可惜了。)

同义词:disgrace, embarrassment, humiliation, guilt, remorse

verb

❶ 通过对比或批评使某人感到羞耻,常用于促使对方改正行为。

“She shamed him into apologizing for his rude comments.”

(她使他羞愧地为粗鲁言论道歉。)

“The article shamed the company into improving working conditions.”

(那篇文章让公司羞愧地改善了工作条件。)

同义词:humiliate, embarrass, disgrace, mortify

常见短语

for shame — 表示强烈谴责的古老表达,现代多用于戏剧化或幽默的责备场合。

“For shame! You ate the last cookie without sharing!”

(真不像话!你居然独吞了最后一块饼干!)

shame on you — 直接指责某人行为不当的表达,带有失望或愤怒的情绪。

“Shame on you for cheating on the test!”

(你考试作弊,真应该感到羞耻!)

put to shame — 通过卓越表现使他人或他物相形见绌,强调压倒性优势。

“Her brilliant performance put all other contestants to shame.”

(她的出色表现让其他参赛者黯然失色。)