
shame
词源
源自古英语 scamu,与古诺尔斯语 skömm 同源,原始日耳曼语词根涉及'覆盖'的概念,反映羞愧时想隐藏自己的本能反应。
noun
❶ 因做了错事或不符合社会规范而感到的羞耻或尴尬情绪,常伴随自责或他人批评。
“He felt deep shame after lying to his parents.”
(对父母撒谎后,他感到深深的羞愧。)
“There's no shame in admitting you need help.”
(承认需要帮助并不丢脸。)
❶ 令人遗憾或失望的状况,用于表达惋惜之情。
“What a shame you can't come to the party!”
(你不能来参加派对真遗憾!)
“It's such a shame that the old theater was demolished.”
(老剧院被拆毁实在太可惜了。)
verb
❶ 通过对比或批评使某人感到羞耻,常用于促使对方改正行为。
“She shamed him into apologizing for his rude comments.”
(她使他羞愧地为粗鲁言论道歉。)
“The article shamed the company into improving working conditions.”
(那篇文章让公司羞愧地改善了工作条件。)
常见短语
for shame — 表示强烈谴责的古老表达,现代多用于戏剧化或幽默的责备场合。
“For shame! You ate the last cookie without sharing!”
(真不像话!你居然独吞了最后一块饼干!)
shame on you — 直接指责某人行为不当的表达,带有失望或愤怒的情绪。
“Shame on you for cheating on the test!”
(你考试作弊,真应该感到羞耻!)
put to shame — 通过卓越表现使他人或他物相形见绌,强调压倒性优势。
“Her brilliant performance put all other contestants to shame.”
(她的出色表现让其他参赛者黯然失色。)