
shear
词源
源自古英语 'sceran',意为'切割',与古高地德语 'sceran' 和古诺尔斯语 'skera' 同源,最终源自原始日耳曼语词根 *sker-。
verb
❶ 用剪刀或类似工具剪断或修剪,常用于描述剪羊毛、剪头发或修剪植物等动作。
“The farmer shears the sheep every spring.”
(农民每年春天都会给羊剪毛。)
“She sheared off the damaged branches from the tree.”
(她剪掉了树上受损的树枝。)
❶ 因外力作用而断裂或剥离,通常指物体因压力或剪切力而突然分开。
“The bolt sheared off under the heavy load.”
(螺栓在重压下断裂了。)
“The earthquake caused the cliff to shear away from the mountain.”
(地震导致悬崖从山体上剥离。)
noun
❶ 剪切工具,如大剪刀或剪羊毛的专用工具,也指剪切的动作或过程。
“He bought a new pair of shears for the garden.”
(他为花园买了一把新的大剪刀。)
“The sheep's wool was collected after the shear.”
(剪完羊毛后,羊的毛被收集起来。)
❶ 剪切力,指使物体两部分沿平行方向相对滑动的力,常见于工程或物理学中。
“The bridge was designed to withstand high shear forces.”
(这座桥的设计能够承受高剪切力。)
“Shear stress can cause materials to deform.”
(剪切应力会导致材料变形。)
常见短语
shear off — 指某物因外力作用而突然断裂或分离,常用于描述机械或自然现象。
“The wing of the plane sheared off during the crash.”
(飞机的机翼在坠毁时断裂了。)
shear strength — 材料抵抗剪切力的能力,是工程和材料科学中的重要性能指标。
“This alloy has excellent shear strength.”
(这种合金具有极佳的抗剪强度。)