
shunting
词源
源自中古英语'shunen'(避开),可能受古诺尔斯语'skunda'(推动)影响,最早用于描述铁路操作(19世纪中期),医学用法出现于20世纪。
noun
❶ 指铁路调车作业,即机车将车厢移动到不同轨道或编组站的操作过程。
“The shunting of goods wagons took most of the morning.”
(货车车厢的调车作业占用了大半个上午。)
“Shunting operations are usually carried out by small locomotives.”
(调车作业通常由小型机车完成。)
❶ 在医学中指血液分流,通过人工方式改变血液流动路径的治疗手段。
“The surgeon performed a shunting procedure to relieve the pressure.”
(外科医生实施了分流手术以减轻压力。)
“Portosystemic shunting is used to treat certain liver conditions.”
(门体分流术用于治疗某些肝脏疾病。)
verb
❶ 指将火车车厢移动到不同轨道的行为,或比喻将事物转移到其他地方。
“The engine was shunting the carriages into the siding.”
(机车正在将车厢推入侧线轨道。)
“They spent the afternoon shunting freight cars.”
(他们整个下午都在调运货车车厢。)
常见短语
shunting yard — 铁路调车场,专门用于列车编组和车厢调动的场地。
“The new shunting yard can handle up to 500 wagons daily.”
(新建的调车场每天可处理多达500节车厢。)
shunt surgery — 分流手术,通过建立旁路通道治疗血管或体液循环问题的医疗手段。
“The baby underwent shunt surgery to treat hydrocephalus.”
(这个婴儿接受了治疗脑积水的分流手术。)