好词典

spasm

UK //ˈspæzəm//US //ˈspæzəm//

词源

源自拉丁语 'spasmus',借自古希腊语 'spasmos'(意为拉扯、抽搐),与 'span'(拉紧)同源。14世纪晚期进入英语。

noun

❶ 指肌肉突然、不自主的收缩或抽搐,通常伴随疼痛感,可能由疾病、过度劳累或神经问题引起。

“She got a muscle spasm in her leg after running a marathon.”

(跑完马拉松后,她腿部肌肉突然痉挛。)

“The patient's facial spasms made it difficult for him to speak.”

(患者面部抽搐导致他说话困难。)

❶ 比喻短暂而剧烈的情绪或行为爆发,通常不受控制且突然发生。

“A spasm of laughter shook his whole body.”

(他突然爆发的大笑让全身都抖动起来。)

“She felt a spasm of guilt when she saw the broken vase.”

(看到打碎的花瓶时,她突然感到一阵内疚。)

同义词:convulsion, twitch, cramp, contraction, fit

verb

❶ 指身体部位突然抽搐或痉挛,通常用于描述不自主的肌肉反应。

“His eyelid spasmed uncontrollably due to stress.”

(由于压力,他的眼皮不受控制地抽搐。)

“The injured leg spasmed when he tried to stand up.”

(当他试图站起来时,受伤的腿突然痉挛。)

同义词:twitch, jerk, convulse

常见短语

muscle spasm — 特指肌肉突然不自主收缩的症状,常见于运动损伤或电解质失衡时。

“The swimmer had to stop due to a painful muscle spasm in his calf.”

(游泳运动员因小腿肌肉痉挛疼痛而不得不停止。)

spasm of coughing — 形容突然发作的剧烈咳嗽,通常难以控制且连续发生。

“A sudden spasm of coughing interrupted her speech.”

(一阵突如其来的剧烈咳嗽打断了她的讲话。)