
spasm
词源
源自拉丁语 'spasmus',借自古希腊语 'spasmos'(意为拉扯、抽搐),与 'span'(拉紧)同源。14世纪晚期进入英语。
noun
❶ 指肌肉突然、不自主的收缩或抽搐,通常伴随疼痛感,可能由疾病、过度劳累或神经问题引起。
“She got a muscle spasm in her leg after running a marathon.”
(跑完马拉松后,她腿部肌肉突然痉挛。)
“The patient's facial spasms made it difficult for him to speak.”
(患者面部抽搐导致他说话困难。)
❶ 比喻短暂而剧烈的情绪或行为爆发,通常不受控制且突然发生。
“A spasm of laughter shook his whole body.”
(他突然爆发的大笑让全身都抖动起来。)
“She felt a spasm of guilt when she saw the broken vase.”
(看到打碎的花瓶时,她突然感到一阵内疚。)
verb
❶ 指身体部位突然抽搐或痉挛,通常用于描述不自主的肌肉反应。
“His eyelid spasmed uncontrollably due to stress.”
(由于压力,他的眼皮不受控制地抽搐。)
“The injured leg spasmed when he tried to stand up.”
(当他试图站起来时,受伤的腿突然痉挛。)
常见短语
muscle spasm — 特指肌肉突然不自主收缩的症状,常见于运动损伤或电解质失衡时。
“The swimmer had to stop due to a painful muscle spasm in his calf.”
(游泳运动员因小腿肌肉痉挛疼痛而不得不停止。)
spasm of coughing — 形容突然发作的剧烈咳嗽,通常难以控制且连续发生。
“A sudden spasm of coughing interrupted her speech.”
(一阵突如其来的剧烈咳嗽打断了她的讲话。)