
spiral
词源
源自中古法语 spirale,来自拉丁语 spiralis(螺旋的),与 spira(线圈)相关,最终来自希腊语 speira(线圈、扭曲)。
noun
❶ 指一种逐渐上升或下降的曲线形状,像弹簧或螺旋楼梯那样一圈圈环绕。常用于描述自然界或人造物体的形态。
“The staircase winds in a tight spiral to the top of the tower.”
(楼梯呈紧密的螺旋状盘旋至塔顶。)
“A spiral of smoke rose from the chimney.”
(一缕螺旋状的烟从烟囱升起。)
❶ 比喻持续恶化或失控的状态,通常指负面情况不断加剧的过程。
“The country's economy is in a downward spiral.”
(该国的经济正处于螺旋式下降中。)
“Her anxiety started a vicious spiral of negative thoughts.”
(她的焦虑引发了一系列恶性循环的消极想法。)
verb
❶ 以螺旋方式移动或变化,既可指物理运动也可比喻情况逐渐变化。
“The smoke spiraled up into the sky.”
(烟雾盘旋着升上天空。)
“The leaves spiraled down from the tree.”
(树叶打着旋从树上飘落。)
adjective
❶ 形容具有螺旋形状或特征的,呈盘旋状的。
“The spiral staircase took up less space.”
(这个螺旋楼梯占用的空间较小。)
“The artist created a spiral sculpture.”
(艺术家创作了一个螺旋状的雕塑。)
常见短语
spiral out of control — 形容情况迅速恶化且无法控制,通常指负面事件的发展过程。
“After the scandal broke, the company's reputation spiraled out of control.”
(丑闻爆发后,公司的声誉迅速失控地恶化。)
downward spiral — 指持续恶化的情况或状态,强调每况愈下的趋势。
“Losing his job started a downward spiral in his life.”
(失业使他的生活开始走下坡路。)
spiral notebook — 特指用金属或塑料螺旋圈装订的笔记本,页边有穿孔可以翻页。
“She took notes in her spiral notebook during the lecture.”
(她在讲座期间用螺旋笔记本做笔记。)