好词典

stiffness

UK //ˈstɪfnəs//US //ˈstɪfnəs//

词源

源自中古英语 stif(坚硬的)+ 名词后缀-ness,最早记录于14世纪,与古挪威语 stífr(僵直的)同源。

noun

❶ 指物体坚硬不易弯曲的特性,常用于描述材料或身体部位的僵硬状态。

“The stiffness of the new leather shoes made them uncomfortable to wear.”

(新皮鞋的硬度让穿着很不舒服。)

“Morning stiffness in joints is a common symptom of arthritis.”

(早晨关节僵硬是关节炎的常见症状。)

❶ 形容行为或态度生硬不自然,缺乏灵活性或亲和力。

“There was an awkward stiffness in his manner when meeting strangers.”

(他见到陌生人时举止显得拘谨生硬。)

“The stiffness of the formal letter made it sound unfriendly.”

(正式信函的生硬措辞让人感觉不友好。)

同义词:rigidity, inflexibility, firmness, tension, formality

常见短语

muscle stiffness — 特指肌肉紧绷、活动不灵活的状态,常见于运动后或某些疾病症状。

“After the marathon, she experienced severe muscle stiffness for three days.”

(马拉松赛后,她的肌肉严重僵硬了三天。)

structural stiffness — 工程术语,描述建筑或机械结构抵抗形变的能力,是重要设计参数。

“The bridge's structural stiffness prevents dangerous vibrations during earthquakes.”

(桥梁的结构刚度能防止地震时出现危险震动。)