好词典

substrate

UK //ˈsʌbstreɪt//US //ˈsʌbstreɪt//

词源

源自拉丁语 'substratum',由 'sub-'(在...之下)和 'stratum'(层)组成,字面意思为'下层'。17世纪进入英语,最初指地质层,后扩展至其他领域。

noun

❶ 指承载或支撑其他物体的基础材料或表面,如生物实验中培养细胞的培养基,或电子元件中的基底材料。

“The bacteria grow well on this nutrient substrate.”

(细菌在这种营养基质上生长良好。)

“Silicon is commonly used as a substrate in microchip manufacturing.”

(硅常用于微芯片制造中的基底材料。)

❶ 在生物学中,指生物体生长或生活的底层物质,如土壤、岩石或水体底部沉积物。

“The coral larvae need a hard substrate to attach and grow.”

(珊瑚幼虫需要坚硬的基质附着生长。)

“Different types of algae prefer different substrate conditions.”

(不同类型的藻类偏好不同的基质条件。)

同义词:base, foundation, medium, underlayer, matrix

verb

❶ 为某物提供基础或支撑,通常用于技术或科学语境。

“The thin film was substrated onto the silicon wafer.”

(薄膜被沉积在硅晶圆基底上。)

“They substrated the catalyst on a porous material.”

(他们将催化剂负载在多孔材料基底上。)

同义词:base, support, underlay

常见短语

substrate specificity — 指酶或催化剂只与特定底物发生反应的特性,是生物化学中的重要概念。

“The enzyme's substrate specificity determines which reactions it can catalyze.”

(酶的底物特异性决定了它能催化哪些反应。)

printed circuit board substrate — 指印刷电路板的基板材料,通常由绝缘材料制成,用于支撑和连接电子元件。

“Fiberglass is commonly used as a printed circuit board substrate.”

(玻璃纤维常用作印刷电路板的基板材料。)