
好词典

源自拉丁语 'sub-'(意为‘下’)和 'structura'(意为‘结构’),字面意思是‘下层结构’。
❶ 指建筑物、桥梁等大型结构的基础部分或下层结构,通常支撑着上部结构。
“The engineers inspected the substructure of the bridge for any signs of damage.”
(工程师们检查了桥梁的下部结构,看看是否有损坏的迹象。)
“The substructure must be strong enough to support the weight of the entire building.”
(下部结构必须足够坚固,以支撑整个建筑的重量。)
❶ 在更抽象的语境中,指某个系统或组织的底层框架或基础部分。
“The substructure of the theory is based on several fundamental principles.”
(这一理论的底层框架是基于几个基本原则的。)
“Changes in the economic substructure often lead to shifts in society.”
(经济基础的改变通常会导致社会的变化。)
substructure and superstructure — 指建筑或理论中的基础部分与上层结构,常用于描述两者之间的关系。
“In Marxist theory, the substructure refers to the economic base, while the superstructure includes culture and politics.”
(在马克思主义理论中,基础指经济基础,而上层建筑包括文化和政治。)