好词典

surplus

UK //ˈsɜː.pləs//US //ˈsɝː.pləs//

词源

源自中古法语 'surplus',由 sur-(超过)加 plus(更多)构成,14世纪进入英语。

noun

❶ 指超过所需或预期的数量,通常指物品、资金或资源等的剩余部分。

“The company had a large surplus of unsold products.”

(公司积压了大量未售出的产品。)

“The budget surplus will be used for infrastructure projects.”

(预算盈余将用于基础设施项目。)

同义词:excess, remainder, overabundance

adjective

❶ 描述某物超过所需或正常数量的状态,常用于经济或资源相关的语境。

“The government sold surplus military equipment.”

(政府出售了多余的军事装备。)

“Surplus food was donated to local charities.”

(多余的食物被捐赠给了当地的慈善机构。)

同义词:extra, spare, superfluous

常见短语

in surplus — 表示某物处于过剩状态,通常用于财务或资源描述。

“The trade balance was in surplus for the third consecutive quarter.”

(贸易顺差已连续三个季度保持。)

surplus to requirements — 指某物超出实际需要,常用于商业或组织决策中。

“After the merger, many employees were deemed surplus to requirements.”

(合并后,许多员工被认为超出了需求而被裁减。)