好词典

temper

UK //ˈtem.pər//US //ˈtem.pɚ//

词源

源自拉丁语 'temperare',意为'混合、调节',通过古法语 'temprer' 进入英语。最初指混合物质以达到理想状态,后引申为调节情绪或金属特性。

noun

❶ 指一个人的脾气或情绪状态,通常描述容易发怒或保持冷静的性格特征。

“He has a quick temper and gets angry easily.”

(他脾气急躁,很容易生气。)

“She struggled to control her temper during the argument.”

(她在争论中努力控制自己的脾气。)

❶ 指金属经过热处理后的硬度和弹性状态,常用于描述钢铁等材料的特性。

“The steel was hardened by tempering it at high temperature.”

(通过高温回火使钢变硬。)

“This knife has a perfect temper for cutting meat.”

(这把刀的硬度非常适合切肉。)

同义词:mood, disposition, nature, hardness, resilience

verb

❶ 通过添加其他成分来缓和或调节某物的特性,使其更适宜使用。

“She tempered her criticism with some praise.”

(她在批评中夹杂了一些表扬。)

“Justice should be tempered with mercy.”

(正义应当与仁慈相结合。)

❶ 对金属进行热处理以改变其硬度和弹性。

“The blade was tempered to make it stronger.”

(刀片经过回火处理使其更坚固。)

“Ancient swordsmiths had special techniques for tempering steel.”

(古代铸剑师有特殊的锻钢技术。)

同义词:moderate, modify, adjust, harden, strengthen

常见短语

lose one's temper — 指突然发怒或失去耐心,无法控制自己的情绪。

“He lost his temper when he saw the broken window.”

(看到破碎的窗户时,他大发雷霆。)

keep one's temper — 保持冷静,控制住自己的脾气不发作。

“Despite the provocation, she managed to keep her temper.”

(尽管受到挑衅,她还是控制住了脾气。)

short temper — 形容一个人很容易生气,耐心很有限。

“People with short tempers often regret their outbursts.”

(脾气暴躁的人常常会为自己的爆发感到后悔。)