
temper
词源
源自拉丁语 'temperare',意为'混合、调节',通过古法语 'temprer' 进入英语。最初指混合物质以达到理想状态,后引申为调节情绪或金属特性。
noun
❶ 指一个人的脾气或情绪状态,通常描述容易发怒或保持冷静的性格特征。
“He has a quick temper and gets angry easily.”
(他脾气急躁,很容易生气。)
“She struggled to control her temper during the argument.”
(她在争论中努力控制自己的脾气。)
❶ 指金属经过热处理后的硬度和弹性状态,常用于描述钢铁等材料的特性。
“The steel was hardened by tempering it at high temperature.”
(通过高温回火使钢变硬。)
“This knife has a perfect temper for cutting meat.”
(这把刀的硬度非常适合切肉。)
verb
❶ 通过添加其他成分来缓和或调节某物的特性,使其更适宜使用。
“She tempered her criticism with some praise.”
(她在批评中夹杂了一些表扬。)
“Justice should be tempered with mercy.”
(正义应当与仁慈相结合。)
❶ 对金属进行热处理以改变其硬度和弹性。
“The blade was tempered to make it stronger.”
(刀片经过回火处理使其更坚固。)
“Ancient swordsmiths had special techniques for tempering steel.”
(古代铸剑师有特殊的锻钢技术。)
常见短语
lose one's temper — 指突然发怒或失去耐心,无法控制自己的情绪。
“He lost his temper when he saw the broken window.”
(看到破碎的窗户时,他大发雷霆。)
keep one's temper — 保持冷静,控制住自己的脾气不发作。
“Despite the provocation, she managed to keep her temper.”
(尽管受到挑衅,她还是控制住了脾气。)
short temper — 形容一个人很容易生气,耐心很有限。
“People with short tempers often regret their outbursts.”
(脾气暴躁的人常常会为自己的爆发感到后悔。)