
tough
词源
源自中古英语 'tough',与古英语 'tōh'(坚韧的)相关,可能源自原始日耳曼语。
adjective
❶ 形容物体坚固、难以破坏或折断,常用于描述材料、食物等物理特性。
“This steak is too tough to chew.”
(这块牛排太硬了,嚼不动。)
“The leather bag is made of tough material.”
(这个皮包是用坚韧的材料制成的。)
❶ 形容人坚强、能承受困难或压力,常用于描述性格或意志力。
“She's a tough woman who never gives up.”
(她是个坚强的女人,从不放弃。)
“You have to be tough to survive in this industry.”
(要想在这个行业生存,你必须坚强。)
❶ 形容事情困难、棘手或具有挑战性,常用于描述任务、问题或决定。
“This math problem is really tough.”
(这道数学题真的很难。)
“It was a tough decision to make.”
(这是一个艰难的决定。)
noun
❶ 指粗暴或强硬的人,常用于非正式场合。
“He's a real tough, always getting into fights.”
(他是个真正的硬汉,总是打架。)
“The gang was full of toughs.”
(这个团伙里全是些粗暴的家伙。)
verb
❶ 指忍受或坚持度过困难时期,常用于非正式场合。
“You'll just have to tough it out.”
(你只能咬牙坚持下去。)
“He toughed through the winter without heating.”
(他在没有暖气的情况下熬过了冬天。)
常见短语
tough luck — 表示同情或无奈,常用于非正式场合,意为“运气不好”或“没办法”。
“You missed the bus? Tough luck!”
(你错过了公交车?真不走运!)
tough cookie — 形容一个人坚强或不易被打败,常用于非正式场合。
“She's a tough cookie—nothing can bring her down.”
(她是个坚强的人,没有什么能打倒她。)
tough break — 表示同情或安慰,意为“不幸的遭遇”或“倒霉”。
“Losing your job was a tough break.”
(丢了工作真是倒霉。)