
travail
词源
源自古法语 'travaillier'(劳动),最终来自拉丁语 'tripalium'(一种三脚刑具),原义指折磨,后引申为艰苦劳动。
noun
❶ 指艰苦的劳动或工作,常带有身心疲惫的含义,多用于形容长期或痛苦的付出过程。
“The farmers endured years of travail to cultivate the barren land.”
(农民们忍受多年的辛劳来开垦这片贫瘠的土地。)
“Her novel was the product of months of mental travail.”
(她的小说经历了数月呕心沥血的创作。)
❶ 特指分娩时的阵痛,用于医学或文学语境中描述生育的痛苦过程。
“The midwife stayed with her through the long hours of travail.”
(助产士陪伴她度过了漫长的分娩阵痛。)
“Ancient texts often describe childbirth as 'the hour of travail'.”
(古代文献常将分娩描述为'阵痛时刻'。)
verb
❶ 指经历艰难或痛苦的过程,尤指为达成目标而付出巨大努力。
“The refugees travailed through the harsh winter.”
(难民们艰难地熬过了严冬。)
“He travailed for years to perfect his craft.”
(他历经多年艰辛磨练技艺。)
常见短语
in travail — 处于艰难挣扎的状态,既可指实际分娩过程,也可比喻为某事付出巨大努力。
“The whole nation was in travail during the economic reform.”
(经济改革期间整个国家都处于艰难转型期。)