
vacuum
词源
源自拉丁语 'vacuus',意为“空的”,16世纪进入英语,最初指完全无物质的空间,后引申为吸尘器。
noun
❶ 指没有空气或其他物质的完全空的状态,常用于科学或技术领域描述无空气的空间。
“Outer space is a vacuum where no sound can travel.”
(外太空是真空状态,声音无法传播。)
“The experiment requires a vacuum to prevent contamination.”
(实验需要在真空中进行以防止污染。)
❶ 指一种家用电器,即吸尘器,用于清洁地板和地毯上的灰尘和碎屑。
“I need to buy a new vacuum because the old one broke.”
(我需要买一台新吸尘器,因为旧的坏了。)
“She uses the vacuum every day to keep the house clean.”
(她每天用吸尘器保持房子清洁。)
verb
❶ 用吸尘器清洁某物或某处,通常指清除灰尘或污垢。
“I vacuum the carpets every weekend.”
(我每周末用吸尘器清洁地毯。)
“She vacuumed the entire house before the guests arrived.”
(她在客人到来前用吸尘器清洁了整个房子。)
常见短语
in a vacuum — 指孤立无援或脱离现实环境的状态,常用于描述不考虑外界因素的情况。
“Economic policies cannot be made in a vacuum; they must consider global trends.”
(经济政策的制定不能脱离现实,必须考虑全球趋势。)
power vacuum — 指因领导人离职或权力缺失而导致的无人掌权状态,常出现在政治或组织环境中。
“The sudden death of the dictator created a power vacuum in the country.”
(独裁者的突然死亡在国内造成了权力真空。)