好词典

vain

UK //veɪn//US //veɪn//

词源

源自拉丁语 'vanus'(意为空的、无实质的),通过古法语 'vain' 进入英语。

adjective

❶ 形容人过分关注自己的外貌或成就,显得自负或虚荣。常带有贬义,暗示这种自我关注缺乏实质内容。

“She spent hours in front of the mirror, too vain to leave the house without makeup.”

(她在镜子前花了几个小时,虚荣得不肯不化妆就出门。)

“The vain actor kept talking about his awards during the interview.”

(那个虚荣的演员在采访中不停谈论自己获得的奖项。)

❶ 形容努力或行动没有效果或结果,徒劳的。强调付出努力却未能达成目标的状态。

“They made a vain attempt to rescue the drowning man.”

(他们徒劳地尝试营救那个溺水的人。)

“All our protests were in vain—the building was demolished anyway.”

(我们所有的抗议都是徒劳的,那栋建筑还是被拆除了。)

同义词:conceited, arrogant, fruitless, useless

常见短语

in vain — 表示努力或尝试没有成功或效果,徒劳无功的状态。常用于描述虽然尽力但未能达到预期结果的情况。

“He tried in vain to convince his boss to give him a raise.”

(他徒劳地试图说服老板给他加薪。)