
vicarious
词源
源自拉丁语 'vicarius'(替代的、代理的),17世纪进入英语,原指宗教中基督替代人类受难的概念,后扩展为广义的替代体验。
adjective
❶ 通过他人经历间接感受到的,指通过想象或观察别人的经历来获得类似体验,而非亲身经历。
“She gets vicarious pleasure from watching her children succeed.”
(她从孩子们的成功中获得替代性的快乐。)
“Many people enjoy vicarious thrills by watching action movies.”
(许多人通过观看动作片享受间接的刺激感。)
❶ (法律或正式)替代他人承担的,指由某人代替另一人履行责任或接受后果。
“The manager had vicarious liability for the employee's mistake.”
(经理为员工的错误承担了替代责任。)
“Vicarious punishment is sometimes used in collective accountability systems.”
(替代性惩罚有时用于集体问责制度中。)
常见短语
vicarious liability — 法律术语,指因他人行为而产生的责任,通常用于描述雇主对员工行为所负的责任。
“The company was held to have vicarious liability for the accident caused by its driver.”
(公司被认定需为旗下司机造成的事故承担替代责任。)
vicarious experience — 通过观察或想象他人经历而获得的间接体验,常见于心理学讨论中。
“Virtual reality can provide vivid vicarious experiences of dangerous situations.”
(虚拟现实能提供危险情境的生动替代体验。)