好词典

virulence

UK //ˈvɪr.jə.ləns//US //ˈvɪr.jə.ləns//

词源

源自拉丁语 'virulentia'(有毒的性质),由 'virus'(毒液)和表示性质的后缀 '-lentia' 组成,14世纪后期进入英语。

noun

❶ 指病原体(如细菌或病毒)导致疾病的能力或强度,通常用来描述其感染性和危害程度。

“The virulence of the new virus strain has caused widespread concern.”

(这种新病毒株的毒力引发了广泛关注。)

“Scientists are studying the virulence factors of the bacteria.”

(科学家正在研究这种细菌的毒力因子。)

❶ 形容言辞或行为的恶毒、刻薄程度,带有强烈的攻击性或伤害性。

“The virulence of his criticism shocked everyone present.”

(他批评的恶毒程度让在场所有人都感到震惊。)

“Her speech was marked by unusual virulence against the opposition.”

(她的演讲对反对派表现出异常的刻薄。)

同义词:toxicity, malignancy, bitterness, acrimony, venom

常见短语

virulence factor — 指病原体产生并导致疾病严重性的特定分子或特征,是微生物致病的关键要素。

“The bacteria's virulence factors include toxin production and immune evasion mechanisms.”

(这种细菌的毒力因子包括毒素产生和免疫逃避机制。)

virulence gene — 控制病原体毒力的基因,决定其致病能力的强弱。

“Researchers identified a key virulence gene in the influenza virus.”

(研究人员在流感病毒中发现了一个关键的毒力基因。)